'Swot Analysis to Six Sigma\r'

'In 1981 Motorola launched an initiative calling for a 5-year, 10X improvement in calibre. In 1987 Motorola initiated its â€Å" 6 Sigma Quality” initiative, with the remainder of no more than 3. 4 defective parts per jillion (ppm) across the company. A 4-year 100X quality improvement goal was set. In 1988, Motorola won the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award. Motorola then(prenominal) shargond its â€Å"Six Sigma” approach with other companies. In 1989, Motorola Chairman, Bob Galvin asked Mikel Harry to head the Six Sigma investigate Institute, an organization that received funding from a result of Fortune 500 companies .\r\nIn 1993 Mikel Harry left over(p) Motorola and went to Asea Brown Boveria Ltd. (ABB). Here, the strategy careend from â€Å"Quality first-year” to â€Å"Business First. ” AlliedSignal implemented Six Sigma in 1994 and claimed nest egg of $1. 2 billion by 1998. Bossidy, CEO of AlliedSignal, confident(p) General Electricâ₠¬â„¢s Jack Welch to testify Six Sigma. The huge savings due to apply Six Sigma were claimed in the GE Annual Report, letter to Our Shareh honest-to-goodnessers, February 12, 1999.\r\nWith successes equivalent these and strong business leaders like Jack Welsh and Bossidy, the demand for Six Sigma has exploded. many a(prenominal) Fortune 500 companies grant begun Six Sigma initiatives and others have asked if Six Sigma is right for them. Numerous consulting firms have jumped on the bandwagon, including ASQ, and numerous articles and books have appeared on the subject. Many carrefour and service advertisements are now mentioning Six Sigma. The condition Six Sigma defines an optimum measurement of quality: 3. 4 defects per gazillion events.\r\nThe Greek letter SIGMA is a numerical term that simply represents a measure of variation, the statistical dissemination or spread around the mean or average of any affect or execution in manufacturing, engineering, services or transact ions. The sigma value, or amount deviation, indicates how well any process is performing. The higher the value, the few defects per million opportunities. One of Motorolas most significant contributions was to change the discussion of quality from one where quality levels were calculated in percentages (parts per hundred) to a discussion of parts per million or even parts per billion.\r\nMotorola correctly pointed show up that modern technology was so complex that old ideas about acceptable quality levels were no yearlong acceptable. One puzzling aspect of the â€Å"official” Six Sigma literature is that it states that a process operating at Six Sigma levels will produce 3. 4 parts-per-million nonconformances. However, if a normal distribution table is consulted (very few go out to visome sigma), one finds that the expected nonconformances are 0. 002 parts per million (two parts per billion).\r\nThe difference occurs because Motorola presumes that the process mean can drift 1. 5 sigma in either direction. The area of a normal distribution beyond 4. 5 sigma from the mean is indeed 3. 4 parts per million. Because control charts will easily follow any process shift of this magnitude in a single sample, the 3. 4 parts per million represents a very conservative upper springtime on the nonconformance rate. Notes 1: the quality maturation of motorola 1979 â€Å"our quality sucks” 981 Motorola university, quality goal 10x reduction in 5 years 1985 Initiate corporate quality metrix 1987 Six Sigma program: 10x reduction in 2 years 1989 Received Malcolm Baldridge Award 1992 10x reduction in cycle time: customer satisfaction metrix 1996 methodicalness fulfillment quality 1997 Five Nines with an eyes on the customer Notes 2: six sigma history 1987 Motorola adopts six sigma 1991 Allied Signal adopts six sigma (Larry Bossidy) 1995 GE adopts six sigma (Jack Welch) 1997 Six sigma adopted in GE nifty (service industry)\r\n'