Androcentrism Essay -- essays research papers

AndrocentrismWhen I started to think about what to write for this paper I wanted to turn back more about androcentrism. Well, I guess I know what it means, but I wanted to see what it means to other people. In Random stick out Websters Unabridged Dictionary 2nd Edition the definition for androcentric is centered on emphasizing, or dominated by males or masculine interests. Then I went online and mostly the same definition. The only definition that I found that said anything about women was at http//dictionary.reference .com. It read centered or focused on men, oft to the neglect or exclusion of women. I started to wonder what religious dictionarys thought of androcentrism. So I looked up some religious dictionaries. later about 10 of them I gave up because I came empty handed. Its like they didnt believe it existed. But, to my surprise I did find a definition to androgyny in a few of them. And lets not forget my personal definition Men are better than women. Although I do not th ink this is true, that is just how I see androcentrism. Now I am going to talk about the levels of androcentrism that make the study of religions difficult. I am going to refer a lot to the book Feminism and Religion by Rita M. Gross. The first level of andrcentrism is the history. As in the study of contemporary religions, legion(predicate) conventional historians are most interested in those who wielded power, which means that not only women, but other disempowered groups hav...

Philosophical Autobiography in Mahfouzs Cairo Trilogy Essay examples

Throughout the novels of Naguib Mahfouz Cairo Trilogy, the most noticeable element is the progression of time. In tracing the lives of trine generations of the Abd al-Jawad family, Mahfouz manages to structure a chronicle of Egypt during his lifetime that describes not merely the lives of the family but the social, political and philosophical change of the entire nation. While it is dangerous to read only for social analysis in Mahfouz essentially artistic work, the changes in Egypt during the novel make its characters relationships to a shifting Egypt clear. The character of Kamal is a very intriguing divulge of this depiction because of his similarity to Mahfouz and the consequent illustration of the changes which seem to have impacted Mahfouz most personally. Kamal can be seen as an essentially autobiographical character as unhurtsome as a type representing Egyptian philosophical involvement and change between the two domain of a function Wars. Kamal is certainly an autobiographical character, though to exactly what degree is not clear. The most obvious similarity is his age Mahfouz was born in 1911, and Kamal would have had to be born near then as well for him to be 36 by the end of Sugar Street (232). The details surrounding his childhood are undeniably similar as well Mahfouz was taken up(p) by an infatuation with one of his neighbors for many years, he experienced disillusionment with religion when he found the tomb of al-Husayn to be empty, and he then began to get word Darwinism and declared a philosophy major in college. Also like Kamal, Mahfouz did not marry until late in life. In 1946 he started writing this trilogy, in almost exactly the situation of Kamal at the end of Sugar Street, and his mental state may have been similar to... ...an especially valuable character because he offers us a less exaggerated social type than the rest of his family, one who is simultaneously intensely personal to the author and a representative of t he whole of Egyptian society. He allows us to see Egypt more clearly by seeing through the eyes of its most notable author.WORKS CITEDAbu Ahmed, Hamed. A Nobelists Inspiration. World Press Review 36.1 (1989) 61.Mahfouz, Naguib. Palace of Desire. New York Doubleday, 1991.-----. Sugar Street. New York Doubleday, 1992.Massuh, Victor. Interview with Naguib Mahfouz. UNESCO Courier Dec. 1989 4-6.Moosa, Matti. The Early Novels of Naguib Mahfouz. Gainsville, Fla. University Press of Florida, 1994. + These quotes are taken from an uncited handout given to me by Richard Sutliff that I believe to be from Moosas book.++ hereafter SS.

Free Essays: Oppression in Ethan Frome and Their Eyes Were Watching God :: comparison compare contrast essays

Repression and Oppression in Ethan Frome and Their Eyes Were Watching God In society, people are laden in numerous ways, such as blacks not being able to vote back in the 60s, or women not having as many rights as men. There are many social constraints that hold people back from their dreams and desires. The two novels, Ethan Frome, by Edith Wharton and Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, both accurately portray the power of social constraints. In each novel the main character struggles with the tremendous impact of social constraints on their lives but their is a with child(p) difference between repression and oppression. In the book Ethan Frome, the main character, Ethan, is oppressed in many different ways. First of all, Ethans wife, Zeena, has become a load on Ethan psychologically and finacially. Zeena seems to have a form of paranoia that makes her think she is much sicker than she actually is. This problem has gotten to Ethan at many points in the book. She has also become a finacial burden on Ethan because of her almost monthy commutes to Bettsbridge, where she sees a doctor about her failing health. In Ethan Frome, Zeena seems to be the one that is always oppressing Ethan. Zeena never lets Ethan do what he wants, when he wants. In the book Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie is basically oppressed by society and the laws of society. She is oppressed mainly because she is black, but also because she is a woman. In each of her deuce-ace marriages, Janie is oppressed by her husbands. All of them expect her to do things the way they want them done, and she does not seem to respect this. Janie also is not allowed to strive for her dreams or desires because she is black. In this situation, it seems that it is a combination of societys oppressive laws and the repression of Janies feelings and desires that hold her back from her goals. In Ethan Frome and Their Eyes Were Watching God, each character finds his or knowledge way t o overcome their suffering and pain due to the oppression of their desires and dreams. In Ethan Frome towards the end of the story, Ethan wants to drive Mattie into town to the train station so she can go home.

James Watt Essay -- History

James double-uJames Watt was born 19th January 1736 at Greenock and at this time no one would have even imagined his effect on the Industrial Revolution that was to occur within that century. When James was fifteen he had read books about and befit accustomed to Philosophy (similar to modern physics). He had also completed many of his own chemical experiments and even started produce and construct his own products such as a small electronic device that startled his companions. He soon became interested in astronomy and often spent long hours at night, trickery in a grove near his home studying the night sky. He also enjoyed angling as his hobby and completed odd jobs to last known as a jack-of-all-trades. He sold and mended spectacles, fixed fiddles and constructed fishing rods and tackle. Watt met his first loss in 1753 when his mother unsuspectedly died. It was at this point that Watt decided to pursue his career and try and qualify himself to become a mathematical instrument m aker. After James spoke to Professor Muirhead at the Glasgow University, he was introduced to several scientists who at the time encouraged him later to travel to London to further himself in instrument making. In 1755 he set out on horseback and arrived in London after either twelve days or two weeks. He tried to get a job in the instrumentation field although the shopkeepers could not give him a job as he did not do an apprenticeship and was too old. Finally though he piece John Morgan of a company called Cornh upset who agreed to bend the rules and offer an apprenticeship for a year. James Watt knuckled down and wanted to learn everything he wanted in one year that would have normally taken three or four long time. After six weeks Watt learned that much he outstripped another(prenominal) apprentice who had been at Cornhill for two years After the apprenticeship Watt found it hard to set up shop in London and due to his fathers ill health decided to spend some time at Greenock. H e then moved to Glasgow where there was a job vacant in cleansing and repairing newly imported scientific instruments. The University of Glasgow then arranged for James Watt to set up shop inside one of their university buildings where he met his emerging long-life friends Dr. Joseph Black and Professor John Robison both planning to be chemists. His shop at the university did not sell many of his inventions mainly ... ... had already died many years before him and so he lived partly lonesome life. On August 19, 1819, James Watt who was aged 83 died at his own home in Healthfield. Mrs. Watt lived much longer dying in 1832. James Watt was able to live through his life knowing that even though he only improved an existing invention, he powered much of the industrial revolution in doing so. His innovations also saved many of the mines in those times that were adept of water unable to be pumped out by older model move engines. James also knew that the protectionist nature of his pat ent also meant that future improvement could not easily be made, protecting his version of the steam engine as long as possible. References Internet Sites * www.history.rochester.edu/steam/carnegie/ * www.history.rochester.edu/steam/thurston/1878/pp80.gif * www.history.rochester.edu/steam/marshall/chapter3.html * www.sydney-australia.net/tourism/sydney/attracts/power/powp18.html * www.cre.canon.co.uk/davide/kbsm/boulton-watt.html * www.adventure.com/encyclopedia/general/rfiwatts.html * www.adventure.com/encyclopedia/general/ctssteam.html * www.colbybos.demon.co.uk/corn/hist8.html

Herois Tradition throughout British Literature :: essays papers

Herois Tradition throughout British LiteratureThroughout British Literature, there argon many another(prenominal) instances of belligerentism. To be considered a hero by others in the time period of 449 to 1625, you must be, noted for feats of courage or nobility of purpose especially, one who has risked or sacrificed his life (Morris 618). Four characters in British Literature that portray fearless traits are Beowulf, Sir Gawain, Macbeth, and the Knight of The Canterbury Tales. Beowulf shows himself worthy of the title of being a hero when he leaves his country to help a neighboring country, Denmark and rid them of the long lasting fear of a malicious monster known as Grendel. Sir Gawain is considered a hero by many because of his loyalty to King Arthur. He even risks his life so that King Arthur would live and participates in the Green Knights challenge. Although Macbeth has got a few more faults than other heroes have in British Literature, his name is still synonymous with he ro. Aristotle says the tragic hero has to fall from grace after being on top (Chui 1). Before the three witches tell Macbeth the false prophecies, Macbeth is in held is high accord, yet afterwards, his ambition tears him down and he does anything it takes gain the role of King. The Knight, from The Canterbury Tales, excels beyond all others when it comes to being a hero. He is the most loyal and is admired by the other characters for his courage, fearlessness in battle and his exploits in war. He is on a religious pilgrims journey not to make money or any other avaricious deed that the other characters are on the pilgrimage for, he is on the pilgrimage to worship God, which is also honored by his peers as being heroic. All four characters mentioned have heroic traits and they all are considered heroes. Although they might gain their title in different ways and for the wrong reasons, they are truly heroes. In British Literature, many stories have been influenced by the heroic tradit ions of their time period. The characters, although in different stories, all portray the heroic tradition in British Literature.The character Beowulf, a man of great strength and bravery (Magill 388), is a hero in the way he defends his neighboring country, Denmark. When the word that a hostile creature, known as Grendel, was killing tons in Denmark, Beowulf rate sail to help defend the people and rid them of the hideous monster.

Herois Tradition throughout British Literature :: essays papers

Herois Tradition throughout British LiteratureThroughout British Literature, at that place are many instances of heroism. To be considered a hero by others in the time period of 449 to 1625, you must be, noted for feats of courage or nobility of end especially, one who has risked or sacrificed his life (Morris 618). Four characters in British Literature that portray dauntless traits are Beowulf, Sir Gawain, Macbeth, and the Knight of The Canterbury Tales. Beowulf shows himself worthy of the title of being a hero when he leaves his country to help a neighboring country, Denmark and rid them of the long lasting fear of a malicious monster known as Grendel. Sir Gawain is considered a hero by many because of his loyalty to King Arthur. He even risks his life so that King Arthur would live and participates in the Green Knights challenge. Although Macbeth has got a few more faults than other heroes baffle in British Literature, his name is still synonymous with hero. Aristotle says th e tragic hero has to fall from grace subsequently being on top (Chui 1). Before the three witches tell Macbeth the false prophecies, Macbeth is in held is high accord, yet afterwards, his ambition tears him down and he does anything it takes come on the role of King. The Knight, from The Canterbury Tales, excels beyond all others when it comes to being a hero. He is the most loyal and is admired by the other characters for his courage, bravery in battle and his exploits in war. He is on a religious pilgrimage not to make money or any other avaricious deed that the other characters are on the pilgrimage for, he is on the pilgrimage to worship God, which is also honored by his peers as being heroic. All four characters mentioned have heroic traits and they all are considered heroes. Although they might gain their title in different ways and for the wrong reasons, they are truly heroes. In British Literature, many stories have been influenced by the heroic traditions of their time p eriod. The characters, although in different stories, all portray the heroic tradition in British Literature.The character Beowulf, a man of massive strength and bravery (Magill 388), is a hero in the way he defends his neighboring country, Denmark. When the word that a hostile creature, known as Grendel, was killing stacks in Denmark, Beowulf set sail to help defend the people and rid them of the hideous monster.

Critical Thinking Part

Application and Critical Thinking Most crime labs In the U. S. Are funded & operated by the gobo and furnish services free to legal philosophy and prosecutors. Great Britain uses private labs that charge a fee for services and keeps every profits they make. What argon some potential authorizations and helplessnesses of to each one remains? One potential strength for the U. S. For being funded and operated by the gobo and providing free services for the police and prosecutors Is that they do non have to worry about funds.The police and/or prosecutors can approach the crime labs they deed and ask for which ever tests they need to be performed and get them done, how ever many times. A potential weakness of this system could be that the information could be skewed being that it is run by one particular agency, another weakness is that the gobo isnt making any specie like the agencies in Great Britain. In Great Britain, they are get paid to do a Job, they would want to do the Job well and In a timely manner.In the U. S. , they not getting paid, so why would they rush to get It done? They can tea their time solving things or getting the tests completed. On the aside, the police and prosecutors have access to, free of charge, all of the services the U. S. Crime labs provide FBI, DEAD, TAFT, US Postal lab, to name a few. A strength for Great Britain using private labs is that its not being interfered with by the government, It was paid to do a job, it will get the Job done.On the down side, this type of system expects to be paid, so if a small area can not pay for the types of help they are In need of, the crime lab will not be able to provide help with the crime investigation. 2. Police investigating an apparent suicide collect the following items at the expression a tote purportedly written by the victim, a revolver bearing very faint finger prints and traces of strip down and blood under the victims fingernails. What units of the crime lab will examine ea ch piece of evidence?The unit that would examine the note would be the Document Examination Unit. This unit studies the authenticity of handwriting and write on the documents in question. The revolver will be examined by the Firearms Unit as they are able to detect residue from firearms, discharged bullets, shotgun shells, pickup cases, and other types of ammunitions. They examine all firearms and are able to approximate he distance the weapon was fired from the target. The revolver will also also be examined by the Latent Fingerprint Unit because it has a very faint fingerprint on it.The Biology unit will examine the traces of blood and skin found under the victims fingernails. This unit is staffed with many biochemists and biologists that are trained to perform DNA profiling on body fluids, dried bloodstains as well as skin. Crime burst instead of a patrol officer or detective. One of the advantages of having an evidence collection unit process a crime scene over a patrol offic er or a detective is that the evidence collection unit have properly rained staff technicians on the sprightly 24 hours a day to arrive at a crime scene to collect evidence.Another advantage is that these technicians are trained recognize and to collect/ knit important physical evidence at the crime scene where as a detective or a patrol office may not have such a keen eye for such things. A third advantage for having evidence collection units process a crime scene is that the technicians are trained to work with all the special lab equipment in order to help process the evidence. This helps them to become experts in their field as they are exposed to the equipment 24 hours a day, having all the supplies and tools for proper evidence collection and packaging which allows for future examination. . What legal issue was raised on appeal by the defense in Carl Spoolings Florida murder trial? What court ruling is most relevant to the decision to reject the appeal? Explain. The legal iss ue that was raised mend on appeal was that could the defendant be convicted of murder based on a series of tests designed specifically for this one case because the tests had not all the same gained general acceptance across the toxicology profession. The court believed that these tests, though they are new, are important to the case and are admissible and doesnt make the crime of murder any less of a crime.Rule 702 is most relevant, in this case, to the decision to reject the appeal because Rule 702 deals with the admissibility of expert testimony. The testimony from qualified experts (the witness) by skills, training, knowledge, experience, or education, is based on gathered data and/or sufficient facts. The testimony must be produced from methods and principles of reliability, and finally, the witness must use and apply the methods and principles reliably to facts of said case.

Ebags Case Study

eBags Case Study BUSI 2003 Operations Management 11/16/2012 The eBags Corporation The purpose of this physical composition is analyze the lineage sector operations of the eBags Corporation, and post passs for both the European baggage market and footwear industry based on period strengths and weaknesses eBags demonstrates. Through look for and analysis, as a group we leave behind map discover the managing growth of the eBags Corporation. eBags is known for their innovative breakthrough of i stop shopping for baggage such as traditional travel bags and suitcases in addition to travel accessories like handbags, computer cases, and briefcases just to name a few.Operations management is a key atom to the conquest of the eBags Corporation, and eBags has demonstrated innovative and cost impelling employment strategies by utilizing cross functional teams within their organization. With business organization gro profitg, eBags has been fitted to increase their manufacturing businesss from 10 to three hundred and harvest-tide lines increasing from 1000 Stock Keeping Units (SKUs) to over 15,000 SKUs (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011).Due to the level of success eBags has accomplished they were able-bodied to create the eBags product line to consumers quest low end luggage at an affordable price the private label consisted of 1000 SKUs held in a w behouse in Dallas, TX (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011) With desires of expanding their business eBags faces a number of hurdles in deciding which line of business will beat out suit their organization, their suppliers and manufacturers, their clients, all while generating the highest profit for their company. eBags Current growth Flow Process digestTo maintain competitive in right aways market companies need to implement effective care for flows. With options such as conclave lines, continuous, batch flow, and job shop it is central for companies to chose the option that is b est going to fit both production needs and budget constraints. Making the wrong pick for the product flow process apprize be very costly for any company however, implementing the right process chamberpot reduce costs and hasten up production time. The purpose of eBags is to create one stop shopping for luggage needs and in secern to do so a un unique(predicate) variety of products should be available to their consumers. Bag and their manufactures use a made to stock found fulfillment process, and with various manufacturers and the eBags private label produced, eBags felt best to utilize the batch flow or batch production product flow process. This allowed products to be produced in lower volumes while still allowing consumers a wide variety of products to choose from. By utilizing the batch flow process, it requires the use of general purpose equipment that does not specialize in making one specific product, which if loaded to full capacity could create a jumbled flow of pro ducts (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011).In recite to maintain accurate bloodline levels, eBags created the eBags Partner Network (EPN) which allows for the manufactures to post up to date product information to consumers ensuring that discontinued items dont show available for purchase and consumers know the time needed for back order fulfillment. Analysis of eBags in the Footwear effort and Recommended Product Flow Process found on Type of node OrderWith such success rates in the luggage industry, eBags saw an opportunity to expand their business into foreign terrain, the footwear industry. With the footwear industry creation a well known fragmented market, like the luggage market, allowing for flexibility to produce various different styles, designs, qualities, sizes, and colors while maintaining a competitive price. match to Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), the footwear industry is three clock the size of the luggage industry, so venturing into th is market would not be an easy task.Some of the challenges that eBags faced in this market that they did not in the luggage market included making consumers conscious of the ability purchase footwear through an online channel and consumers generally indirect request to try their shoes on to make they ar getting the right product before purchasing (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011). However, eBags identified that if they could overcome the hurdles associated with this market they could expand even further with apparel and clothing which Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), described as the largest online retail market.With hopes to proceeding the footwear industry with one stop shopping, eBags should continue to utilize the batch flow process for their product flow process of footwear. With the footwear industry universe similarly fragmented to the luggage industry, by using the batch flow process eBags will be able to produce at low to spiritualist volumes a llowing for an equally wide line of products to choose from. This will allow customer to order multiple pairs of shoes simultaneously so they preempt try them one and decide which pair is going to best fit their style and nurture needs.With this approach, eBags stern also implement the EPN with footwear manufacturers to look that up to date products are available eliminating issues of consumers trying to order out of stock or discontinued merchandise. Analysis of eBags in the European Luggage Market and Recommended Product-Process Strategy According to a 2002 report, 190 million lucre users had spread across Europe and surpassed the 165 million internet users in the United States (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011, p. 513). Expanding the current line of business would be safe and effective business strategy for eBags with minor hurdles to consider.The luggage industry is not a foreign concept for eBags, so to be able to expand their products into the European market w ould require similar business strategies that they are currently using. No one consumer is the same therefore their product needs, including luggage will generally not be the same. The goal is to create one stop shopping for consumers in the European market for their luggage needs and in order to accomplish this, eBags will need to provide a variety of products and lines for their new customers to choose from.Some of the issues that eBags faces, according to Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), are language barriers heterogeneous in international merchant vessels, shipping requirements, brand awareness, and maintaining the EPN. To overcome the hurdle of international shipping, eBags can create relationships with manufacturers domestic to the European market. eBags will be able to incur the cost of shipping without having to cave in the expenses associated with international shipping unless they made their private label available to the European market.Also, this will all ow eBags to mirror the force out ship model that contri excepted significantly to the success of their organization. To achieve the success eBags is looking for in this market, it is recommended that eBags continues to utilize the batch flow process for product flow. This also allows for incorporation the EPN into the new market still allowing for their consumers to go up to date product information. This process will continue to meet the business needs of the luggage industry by producing at low volumes but offering flexibility to accommodate products that meet the low, middle and high end of the market.As with the American luggage industry, eBags products will use a made to stock order fulfillment and the manufacturer will be able to control the inventory by using the EPN. Customer Contact Matrix Analysis of eBags Strengths and Weaknesses of eBags Processes The level of customer contact for eBags is low which puts them at the high end of a buffered system and the low end of the permeable system on the customer contact matrix. The eBags website is peck up to help consumers be self sufficient during the ordering process from beginning to end, and because there is no interaction involved their customer service is buffered.In the effect the consumer needs additional assistance, they can call the customer service center and the phone interaction would fall under permeable on the customer matrix. This can be considered as strength for eBags because separating the customer from the service production system allows for greater standardization of processes and therefore better efficiency (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011, p. 91). eBags is able to focus their charge on product production and quality management of their products without having consumer interruptions.This is what Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, (2011), refers to as variability from uncertainty, specifically arrival variability. With a made to stock fulfillment, consumers use the e Bags website to choose from preselected inventory decided by the manufacturer. This process is also built to have low level customer contact to eliminate the request variability, which puts eBags at the advantage of having a high efficient system because orders are completed away from the customer. Weaknesses with a low level customer ontact causes eBags to misplace out additional business opportunities. According to Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), high customer contact allows for opportunities to up-sell the customer with accessories or additional sale items in creating more revenue for the company. If eBags entered the footwear industry, eventually expanding into apparel and clothing, they will miss out on great deal of potential revenue. Secondly, consumers who have difficulties navigating through the eBags website will cost eBags a sale resulting in loss of business.Analysis of eBags Use of engineering science in Providing Competitive Customer Service Technology it vital to business of eBags as all of their business transactions occur through the internet, so it is important that eBags employs a high skilled technology department to ensure business runs smoothly. The systematic technology used allows the consumer to filter their results by type brand, features, color, price, by size, etc, making it easy and quick to find the right product (Horwitt, 2011). To enhance the customer association eBags has invested a great deal into the online shopping experience for their consumers.According to PRNewswire (2012), eBags has implemented the FreeFlow system, which has allowed them to provide better rich product information to their consumers with limited interruptions in website downloads. eBags also incorporated what is referred to as ColdFusion software, which will create the ultimate customer experience by creating personalized stores for their consumers (PRNewswire, 2012). The personalized store will track the customers spending habits and pro vide product recommendations based on previous purchased items. Another important way the internet is used to provide competitive customer service is through the EPN.The EPN is a way to connect the consumer with up to date product information, and with the scorecard system the manufacturers can track product gross revenue, returns, and customer feedback (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011). Analysis of eBags Useof Three Aspects of the Philosophy of Lean Lean business practices are important to corporation survival in todays business market. Companies are looking for ways to stay in business by bringing new products to the market with faster delivery times and higher standards of quality.In order to stay in competition with the surrounding market most of todays businesses have incorporated lean thinking into their business practices by adopting some if not all of the five lean tenets. The five tenets are 1) what about product or service creates honor, 2) improve value flow ing for each product or service, 3) flow within a process is simple, smooth, and error free, reducing waste, 4) produce only what is pulled by the customer, 5) strive for perfection ((Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011).The introductory tenet that eBags demonstrates is creating both a product and a service that adds value for their consumers. eBags carries a wide selection of products and labels to choose from all while offering their customers the appliance to one stop shop from anywhere with an internet connection. This has saved eBags customers time and money from having to travel to a retail store that whitethorn or may not have what they are looking for.According to Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), this lean tenet has allowed eBags to compete on product breadth, selection, and convenience instead of price. The second tenet that eBags demonstrates is improvement of value stream mapping by incorporated the drop-ship model, which is another way putting the customer in contact with the manufacturer by eliminating the middleman. With the customer orders going presently to the manufacturer, eBags was able to eliminate the middle man (retail merchant location), and create a direct customer-manufacturer relationship.The visual representation described on page 509 of Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), shows the customer placing their order on the eBags website, eBags then sends the order to the manufacturer electronically, the manufacturer ships the merchandise to the customer, eBags provides the customer with the shipping tracking number and customer is billed for the merchandise, the manufacturer sends eBags an invoice, and finally the manufacturer is paid.The third tenet seen by eBags is the creating simple, smooth, and error free process flows that reduce waste, which can be seen through the incorporation of EPN. Because this system allows the manufacturers to control inventory levels eBags has been able to avoid any waste a ssociated with inventory costs and reduce overhead costs. Also, according to Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), eBags was able to effectively market their products by removing items that were out of order or discontinued. Bags Service Blueprint for Current Product Line Analysis and Recommendation Regarding Business Process Reengineering The basic service blue print is as follows Based on the group analysis of this service blueprint it is not recommended for eBags to consider a process reengineering. The goal of a process reengineering is to redesign and integrate the business process to increase customer satisfaction. eBags have set themselves apart from their competition with their service blueprint, and any changes can be considered a waste.Footwear Industry Quality cook Analysis and Recommendations The footwear industry is very different from the luggage industry, shoes will be on a person and a level of comfort is important when configuring quality control. One step in maintaining quality control in the footwear industry is to recruit manufacturers with reputable quality assurance guidelines such as material inspection, testing, and final inspections of product before shipped to the consumer. It is also important that the manufacturers hire noesisable, competent, and skilled staff to ensure that all quality standards are being met.A second step in quality control, according to Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham (2011), is to clearly identify the needs of the consumers. Once consumer needs are identified the consumer is not lost from the picture, consumer input signal is needed design specifications with the use of quality function deployment. This can also include information regarding consumer identified life expectancy of the shoes being produced consumers are not going to spend money on shoes that they are going to have to replace every 6 months. Malcolm Baldrige laurels Analysis and Recommendation(s)Established in 1987, the Malcolm Ba ldrige Awarad was created to encourage businesses to strive for higher quality performance through management practices and improved quality results (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011). Spread between seven (7) categories 1) leadership, 2) strategic planning, 3) customer focus, 4) whole stepment, analysis, and knowledge management, 5) workforce focus, 6) process management, 7) results the Malcolm Baldrige Award allows for 1000 total points combined between the seven categories measuring quality assurance.As judges for the Malcolm Baldrige Award, our assessment of eBags Incorporated for this strategic pose is as follows Category and Items (2010) Points Comments 1. Leadership 1. 1. Senior Leadership 70 Senior management work collaboratively to analyze previous results and asses future business ventures 1. 2. Governance and brotherly Responsibilities 50 According to PRNews (2012), eBags partnered with Susan G Komen to create pink program. Over 900 pink items offere d that eBags contributes 10% of retail sales to the Komen Foundation. 2. Strategic Planning 2. Strategy growth 40 Created one-stop shopping for consumers, incorporated the drop-ship model, and added EPN and vendor scorecard to website to keep consumers informed 2. 2 Strategy Deployment 30 Meeting to discuss future business plans for eBags (Footwear Industry or European Market) based on previous years sales numbers 3. Customer Focus 3. 1 Customer Engagement 40 Customer engagement can be seen in what Yahoo (2012), called the Bag an iPad campaign that created flexibility in customer interaction by expanding to the channels that consumers use most to communicate. 3. 2 Voice of the Customer 45 Voice of the customer can be seen through the EPN, manufactures and other consumers can read reviews and testimonials. This gives eBags an opportunity to learn what consumers want and make changes to their products and prcesses if needed. 4. Measurement, Analysis, and Knowledge Management 4. 1 Measurement, Analysis, and Improvement of Organization Performance 40 This category reiterates the EPN and vendor score card system. Manufacturers are able to measure performance and use feedback to incorporate innovated ways to increase sales 4. Management of Information, Knowledge, and information technology 40 ExtractTarget program, consumers receive up to date product and sales information, consumer reviews, and receive discount coupons. 5. Workforce Focus 5. 1 Workforce Engagement 10 No information provided to support this category 5. 2 Workforce environs 10 No information provided to support this category 6. Process Management 6. 1 Work Systems 30 Maintaining the internet to avoid congestion within the website.Flow of the drop ship model 6. 2 Work Processes 45 eBags work processes is reflected through their improvement of work systems. 7. Results 7. 1 Product Outcomes 90 I believe eBags has a unfluctuating product outcome by offering the customers products in t he high, middle, and low end of the market 7. 2 Customer-Focused Outcomes 70 The process of the drop-ship model from eBags demonstrates how effective the experience is with the company, from shopping, to delivery to the vendor getting paid. 7. 3 Financial and Market Outcomes 65 The financial and market outcomes at eBags have been set by their determination to offer more than 700 different brands to its market. This is done through cross functional teams within each department of eBags 7. 4 Workforce-Focused Outcomes 65 7. 5 Process Effectiveness Outcomes 70 The process of the drop-ship model from eBags demonstrates how effective the experience is with the company, from shopping, to delivery to the vendor getting paid. 7. Leadership Outcomes 70 By utilizing cross functional teams to create efficient and effective product and process flows, eBags has been able to shine among the industry setting precedence for future businesses. Total 880 In conclusion even though eBags has some strong characteristics that can be appreciated in quality management it also has some weaknesses that can be improved on. These weaknesses impede eBags attempts at trying to win the Malcolm Baldridge Award. Analysis and Recommendation(s) for eBags Supply Chain Improvements The supply chain of eBags has been slimmed down as low as it can get.By implementing the drop ship model and EPN, all those involved in the supply chain are needed and the current processes are keeping consumers happy with wide selections of merchandise that can fit any style. It is recommendation that eBags is not in need of improvement in structure or infrastructure. By maintaining cross functional teams in product and process development eBags can stay on top of the competition by implementing innovative ways to improve process flows. Conclusion Over the years eBags has made a mammoth name for itself being named Internet Retailer Magazines Top 50 Websites (Schroeder, Goldstein, & Rungusanatham, 2011).Wit h hopes to expand, eBags can venture into a brand new industry that can eventually open more doors or they can expand their current market into the unknown terrain of Europe. Both ventures will require cross functional teams to ensure that consumer wants and needs are addressed while creating process flows that will generate revenue for the company. Regardless of the industry eBags continues to expand in, the use of batch flow process and made to stock order process will accommodate any needs within any industry. Bags has set precedence for their innovate ways of conducting business such as with the drop ship model, EPN, vendor scorecard system, private label, and one stop shopping with the use of technology. eBags has also adapted well to current business practices and implanted the five tenets of lean which was a vital part of their success during a time of economic crisis. By conducting all business transactions, eBags has been deemed a low customer contact company because all co ntact is done through the eBags website or on the phone with customer service representatives.Although eBags is missing out on opportunities for up-sale because of limited customer engagement, they make up their losses by saving consumers time and money from having to travel for their luggage needs. eBags scored rather high with the Malcolm Baldrige Award but was not quite at the mark to win. The category that had the biggest impact was workforce focus and very little information was available to support a higher score in this category. eBags can work on all areas in this category for improvement to secure a win of the Malcolm Baldrige Award.References PRNewswire. (2012). eBags. com Raises Breast cancer Awareness Year-Round with Pick Pink Program. Retrieved November 9, 2012 from http//www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/ebagscom-raises-breast-cancer-awareness-year-round-with-pick-pink-program-57176017. html PRNewswire. (2012). eBags. com Redefines Customer Service with Cutting-Edge Internet Technology. Retrieved November 2, 2012 from http//www. prnewswire. com/news- releases/ebagscom-redefines-customer-service-with-cutting-edge-internet-technology-73251862. html Horwitt, E. (2011).The Systematic Web gets Down to Business. Retrieved November 3, 2012 from http//www. computerworld. com/s/ article/9209118/The_semantic_Web_gets_down_to_business Schroeder, R. G. , Goldstein, S. M. , & Rungusanatham, M. J. (2011). Operations management contemporary concepts and cases. (5th ed. ). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Yahoo Finance. (2012). eBags Boosts Fall Sales with New ExactTarget-Powered Cross Channel Marketing on Facebook, Email, and Mobile. Retrieved November 10, 2012 from http//finance. yahoo. com/news/ebags-boosts-fall-sales-exacttarget-153000369. html.

My dreams

My goal in life is to keep pushing myself because I know that I can achieve anything desire. Most would be happy sack for a simple hike, perhaps a certain number of miles. Would not feel fulfilled. I would fatality to go all the way. What I would take from this well-favoured twenty-four hour period is the joy of finishing what I have begun. I also would know in my heart that pushed myself to the limits and it did not break me, what rather inspired me. My fancy day would not take place on the easiest mountain or the most likely. I would set my sights on the most difficult, yet achievable destination.After all, victory does have its limits just as the human dust does. There have been many times in my life when I have been less than fit. occasionally even less than less than fit. I am never proud bothers moments and I always swear that I will change how I live my life in the pursuit of fitness. Hiking is a very intense workout and it is extremely unforgiving. Sure, one could sim ply give up and turn around. T hats not who I am. I dream of a day when I can reach the top of my physical mountain as well as my proverbial mountain. Achieving this would push my body to its absolute limit ND strengthen my body and mind.This Thrall 2 would not be my end destination entirely a pattern that I could use for my entire life, enhancing my fitness level the further I would go. In conclusion, if I could wish for any one day it would be a day where I could reach the top of a mountain by hike. Do not take my dreams or wishes lightly. When I want something bad enough I go for it and give it everything. My dreams are big and difficult but they are doable. My personality is a stubborn one and my body is as well. Hiking would bring out both of these traits and it is this reason why I would want to do it.

Hardware vs Software Routing Essay

A router put forward be defined as a device that connects two or more than two calculator networks and selectively exchanges packets of data among them. E genuinely packet data encompasses address information that a router can use to find out whether the destination and source argon on the same network, or if the packet data must be transmitted from one network to another.Through projecting routing needs and network trade centered on the types and number of applications and computer hardw atomic number 18 devices used in environment, one can better choose whether to use a software router, a hardware router, or a combination of both. When talking about hardware and software router, there are numerous advantages hardware router has over software router. Few of them are mentioned below. Hardware router has higher throughput as compared to software router and computer solutions particularly Windows based.Hardware router is very reliable and runs easily once you set it up and does not ask whatsoever attention, while software router are unreliable and does not run easily (Haverkort, Bohnenkamp & Smith, 2000). Hardware-based routers handle heavy routing demands perfectly, whereas software routers can only handle light routing loads. Hardware router does not require a PC to be running to permit access for other computers.In addition, hardware router does not contain any software or files that can be deleted, harmed, copied, stolen, etc.whereas, there is a risk in software router. A software router can be very perfect on a segmented and small network with comparatively light traffic between subnets as it cannot bear much load and traffic. However, hardware-based routers can bear heavy traffic and enterprise network environments that have a huge quantity of network divisions and an extensive say of performance desires use range of hardware routers in order to perform various roles throughout the network.

Lesson Plan for Social Studies Class Grades 9-12

UnitSocial Studies The Civil contend Emancipation ExperienceObjectiveThrough this lesson, the students will be fitting to1. Given a particular situation, recognize the period of history portrayed following the enquiry period.2. Given a particular scenario, distinguish groups after the inquiry period.3. Study and come into contact with changeable emotions of every group.4. Examine and differentiate the differences in the lifestyle of every group.5. Assume/imagine and identify with what life was corresponding for Ameri faecess during that period.RationaleHardly any event in mankind can measure up to the damage and demise of war. However, nearly every generation of man cannot break apart from its ongoing reality. Our country has in like manner had its won carry on of experiences of war. Ever since our origin, with the American Revolutionary War, our country has already been at war. In addition, in our 200 addition years of survival there was atomic number 53 war that cannot be matched up to to any other war when measured in terms of devastation and American loss of lives the American Civil War. Just like any civil war there is no winner- just a loser, as losses on both sides make up the entire loss of that nation. This lesson will try to look at the changes that occurred in the lives of Americans that were the outcome of this catastrophic war.Therefore, the rationale of this inquiry lesson is to will students an affective encounter of the pre and post American Civil War incident on Americans- both Whites and coloreds (or northerners and southerners).Content concourse activity using charts and internalizing the role of each groups involved in the Civil War.Procedures1. By means of random, divide class into three (3) groups- A, B, C according to size.Group A (Slaves) 1/4 of classGroup B (S. Whites) 1/4 of classGroup C (N. Whites) 1/2 of classNote Dont inform the class what every group stand for.2. Then instruct every member to name themselves utilizing a marker and a piece of tape. It must be visible.3. Move desks apart from each other and split the class mode in half. Break up the room by means of putting tape on the floor. Area I will be componentd by Groups A and B. Next, move desks so that 1/4 of area I is free of desks and chairs and then put newspapers on the floor. This area must be surrounded with tape.4. Next, charge Chart I to each(prenominal) the groups and inform them regarding each groups location, food allotment, and movement as signaln belowChart IGroup berth Food Allotted MovementA Sit on newspapers Plate of broken cockamamie NoneB Sit on chair in area I or II Plate of in all crackers Full (everywhere in the classroomC Sit on chair in area I or II Plate of whole crackers Full (everywhere in theclassroom)5. Start conducting social occasion I for a period of 5-10 minutes. Guide groups to their own location, their content to move without restraint or none at all, and provide every group either whole or b roken crackers on a plate to be shared with that group. Allow member of just groups B and C speak without restraint to one another. But let every group speak to each other.6. End Part I. Show Chart II to the class, which contain as followsChart IIGroup Location Food Allotted MovementA Chairs Plate of broken crackers Shaded areaB Chairs Plate of broken crackers Area I onlyC Chairs Plate of whole crackers Area II only7. After showing Chart II, direct the class to start conducting Part II for a period of five (5) minutes. At this time, movement or talk between groups B and C is prohibited since they should stay put in their particular areas (I or II). Then, take out 1/2 the members from group B and put them into a neutral corner where they would not be able to eat, speak, or move from their chairs.8. End Part II. After the Part II activity, show Chart III explain to the class as followsChart IIIGroup Location Food Allotted MovementA Chairs Plate of whole crackers Ful lB Chairs None FullC Chairs Plate of whole crackers Full9. After showing chart III, you can start conducting Part III for a period of five (5) minutes. Guide students just like what was make in Part I and Part II consistent with what is instructed in Chart III. Remove the shaded area. Do away with all tape placed on the floor. The groups can now freely move. But, Group B merely receives broken crackers.10. End Part III and the whole activity. Arrange the room to bring it spikelet to its original order.MaterialsMasking tape, pen markers, chart paper/chalk board, newspapers, 5 packages saltines/crackers, and 3 paper plates.AssessmentAt the end of the activity, ask the students the following questions to assess their feelings and reactions about the activity1. What can you say about this activity? Did you like it? If yes, why? If no, why not?2. How did you feel about being in Group A, B, or C?3. In your opinion, how did the groups differ from each other?4. What do you thi nk was the best group to be in? How about the worst group to be in?5. What primary winding event in American History did this simulation describe? resolving The American Civil War.6. Who do you think did each group stand for?Answer Group A. represented the Black SlavesGroup B symbolized the White SouthernersGroup C stood for the White Northerners7. What do you think did the headings in the charts symbolized?Answer Location (floor or chairs) represented favorable statusFood Alloted (either whole or broken crackers) symbolized economic statusMovement (either full or restrained) symbolized political status8. In your opinion, what did Parts I, II, III stood for?Answer Part I stood for the Pre Civil War periodPart II. represented the Civil War eraPart III represented the Post Civil War period9. Consistent with the headings of the charts and what they symbolized, what can you say or follow about every group?Example Compared to Groups B & C, Group A was instructed to sit on the floor sy mbolizing a lower social status, they also had to eat broken crackers representing a lower economic status, and were just limited to move in a particular area. Thus, Group A stood for the Black Slaves of the South. The, take note of the change in Groups A status from Part I to Part III depicting the changes from the Pre to the Post Civil War period.Meanwhile, for Group B, in Part I, they were instructed to sit on chairs and eat whole crackers and also to move freely. Hence, it can be said that these activities symbolized good, economic, social, and political status. Nevertheless, in Part II they had be restricted to move outside of Area I since battle lines were established between the North and South. .Moreover, the South survived extreme devastation and remainder since most of the war happened there. This was represented when half of the group was pulled out and placed into a neutral area. Then, in Part III, social and political status were acquire as movement was not restricted and chairs were utilized. But their economic status turned negative, as symbolized by broken crackers because it experienced devastation and destruction of its factories and cities. Moreover, due to the closure of plantations and freedom of slaves, agriculture transformed and changed drastically.Then for Group C, all throughout the three parts (I, II, & III), they enjoyed good economic, political, and social status since the war happened on southern soil thus the northern property was not destroyed.RubricGroup Learning ActivityRubric A ProcessExceptional Admirable welcome AmateurExceptional Admirable Acceptable Amateur Group Participation Every member actively participate At least of the members enthusiastically participate At least half of the members share their ideas Only one or two members enthusiastically participate Shared Responsibility Responsibility for task is equally shared among members Most group members share the responsibility Only of the group members share the r esponsibility The members depend only one member Quality of Interaction Members display excellent leadership and sense of hearing skills in their discussions, members display awareness and knowledge of others ideas and opinions s During interaction, members exhibit adeptness activediscussion and interaction focuses on the taskMembers display some capability to interact members listen attentively there is some proof of discourse oralternativeThere is only little interaction members converse briefly somestudents show disinterest Roles within the Group every member was pin downed adistinctly specified role thegroup members executeroles successfully and effectively every member was assigned arole, however, roles are not clearlyspecified or systematicallyfollowed.Members were given roles to perform, however, roles were notconsistently followed.No effort was shown to assign roles to every group member ReferencesCommager, H. (1982). The Story of the Civil War as Told by Participants. Fai rfax Press, 1982.Jasmine, J. (1993) Portfolios and Other Assessments. California Teacher Created Materials.Rubistar. Create Your Rubric. Retrieved April 29, 2006 from http//rubistar.4teachers.orgSass, E. Social Studies Lesson Plans and Resources. Retrieved April 29, 2006 from http//www.cloudnet.com/edrbsass/edsoc.htm

Mass Media and Younger Generation Essay

The media can definitely change your perception of indecorum, as well as alter your ability to be intimate. As the media displays specious images of the human body and makes false descriptions of what humans desire sexually. There ar too many subjects and issues to go on about here, but a belittled example of the two issues i mentioned before be in magazines the pictures of the models are airbrushed to display, what most call a flawless body and in movies and sitcoms the most in demand(p) people are medium height, and very slender and so on.Giving the receivers of this idea the false realization thats what you have to have to be sexually attractive. which would ca apply embarrassment of their own bodies or pretending some thing is wrong if they are attracted to some one thats 4 foot and heavy.Possibly wind them to involvement with someone they are not sexually attracted to and embarrassed to take their clothes off in front of. This is definitely, in my opinion, going to cause intimacy issues and is an excellent description of proof how mass media plays a role in shaping your meaning of intimacy.the mass media, including TV, radio, newspapers have a great influence on people and especially on the younger generation. It plays an important role in shaping the opinions and position of the younger generation. Argue for or against this statement.The peril from Mass mediaIn the present, the younger generations are influenced by the mass media, including TV, radio, and newspapers. They think this is the model for them because in daily life is necessary for everyone therefore it is not unusual that it have a great influence on the people and especially on the younger generation. .It plays an important role in shaping the opinions and position of the younger generation. The younger feign by the mass media and it has impact for younger that is impact for dressed, language, and behavior.Nowadays the younger or teen have been sensitive because the younger is the pe ople who has been 13-18 years archaic and they want to find something for them that is their dream, acceptance from other people so they want to find inspiration and dont have limited. So the mass media are important for the younger that they want to be the same the star or some thing when they think is good for them. If they were persuaded by vice maybe they leave behind be scoundrel. Some of people are think it is unsuitable dressed. Although the younger want to be one that who are the modern of them. Some of people think it is suitable but the younger can not consider. The stars are good dress but adult think it is unsuitable. The mass media have good or bad but we do not know so we must warn you child before late time.However it has impact for family because when the younger use the mass media be the model neither it bad nor it not bad I think it is directly for the younger especially language. It was influenced by younger because when the stars are speaking, the younger are l isten it I think they copy the speech from the stars if it is bad I think it is not good.

Nietzsche on Power

The build up of science placed a strain on religions competency to retain its credence. light had demonstrated an unprecedented ability to explain c erstpts that were once mysteries. This ability began to efface the dominion and business leader of the Christian God, and this led to the existentialist head that homophile lives notwithstanding in the world and must rely only on him self. According to Nietzsche, this occurrence places index squ atomic number 18ly in the hands of man, and the causeion of this military unit leaves him with the ability to sustain it everyplace himself as well as new(prenominal)s. One of the main ideas behind Nietzsches works is that the gracious soulfulness constantly intends and strives toward wielding this power oer others.Even actions that appear altruistic are re on the wholey sparked by a rooted bank to control the person for whom the act is behaveed. Nietzsche advocates the fundamental egoism of totally persons, declaring the loca lise of all human conceptions to be centered on the desire of that particular individual to dominate in a given situation. Even the evolutionary aspects of mans position within the environment manifests the individuals need to wield power growth from youth to adulthood involves an increase of power and a decrease in subordination the desire for upward social mobility represents this as well.According to Nietzsche, the need for power is an instinctive drive that is the end for which all pleasure-seeking actions strive. Yet Nietzsche in all case identified a need that res publica grant to control themselvesand this he conceived as the desire for internal power. Here is where Nietzsches truest interest in power lay. These themes stinker be demonstrated in his use of maxims and elaborations of these throughout his works Daybreak, the Gay Science, Beyond Good and Evil, and the Will to Power.The Judeo-Christian antagonism (indeed the antagonism of all religions) represents one e xample on earth of the power relations (struggle) of which Nietzsche writes. In Daybreak, he writes the ship of Christianity threw overboard a good deal of its Jewish steady (40). Ironically, the idea represented in the aphorism God is dead describes the modern scientific supplanting of the Judeo-Christian view that God is ultimately responsible for the clay sculpture of the individual (Zupancic, 6).The scientific explanations of the universethe Copernican revolution which challenged and toppled the geocentric viewweakened the idea that the anthropomorphic God was any longer (or ever was) in charge of the destiny of the universe. Essentially one of Nietzsches power relations, this struggle left separately individual entity on the earth dependent on its induce actions to take it through time. This has become one of the catalytic ideas that gave birth to the notion of internal power that drives man. This power has been expressed by Nietzsche in the form of self police chiefy, wh ich develops in a complicated cycle, both as a result of and in accordance with the instinct. Though this important instinct arises out of the inward self-creation of the man, Nietzsche overly acknowledges other type of instinct that drives men toward a different kind of power domination.In the work The Will to Power Nietzsche points out the symbolism that can be found in the how states and societies choose been constituted. The drive for power, he writes, undergirds the hierarchical disposition of the organizations within each state. Societal classes demonstrate ways in which people fork over succeeded in gaining power over others.This again identifies another concrete example of power relations within the human world. The members of higher classes (which have acquired wealth) dominate in a situation where the other members of society direct to them for their wages. Money represents get power, without which people cannot live. By this reasoning, individuals who acquire their wages from these mesomorphic members of the upper class timber toward these moguls for their very sustenance. This is the manifestation of the power that, according to Nietzsche, all men instinctively seek.Yet even in this example where people appear to seek mastery over others, one can detect an example of the desire for internal power. Persons who must do the bidding of the rich in order to gain hold of the buying power that facilitates their continued existencethese persons recognize that others exert power over them. Their desire for upward mobility represents a desire to have that control returned to them, and this appears to be potential only simultaneously with having the power to control others. This can thus be seen as a dual drive toward dominance and independence.In Nietzsches opinion it is this self-mastery that represents the truest power. The conceive of of the ascetic monk who denies himself physical and aesthetic pleasures for the purport of subduing his desires and master himself demonstrates to a greater extent than power than the warriors who plunder other tribes and nations. On a deeper level, Nietzsche describes the inner workings of the human foreland as a conflict of several(prenominal) wills that compete for power within the individual.He writes the following Suppose nothing else were given as real overlook our world of desires and passions, and we could not get down, or up, to any other reality besides the reality of our drivesfor thinking is merely a relation of these drives to each other (Beyond, 36). Peoples wills (or desires) often conflict with each other, and theorys, Nietzsche explains, are the vehicles of the desires it is via thought that desires identify themselves, and the mind is their battlefield. The ability to master oneself is essentially the ability of one thought to rise up and become the dominant will, mastering all the others.Nietzsche expresses this idea also in his book Beyond Good and Evil, the title of which is essentially a description of the heights achieve by those who have achieved the highest level of self mastery. He writes that such a person becomes the man Beyond Good and Evil, the master of his virtues, the superabundant of will (Beyond, 212). His will to create himself overflows, and he finds his own way toward morality and virtue through his own journey of self discovery.This journey involves a complex interplay of consciousness, subconsciousness, and instinct. Instinct comes about through a process in which consciousness of the outside world gathers knowledge that is taken in and absorbed into the mind in a kind of internalization process. The information at which these internalized principles rest within the individual causes them to rank higher than the prevailing principles of the day. And the fact that the individual creates them him/herself places him or her in the powerful position of self-master.The hierarchical nature of the instincts themselves determines a w ay in which Nietzsche classes men according to their course of control over themselves. The person who has attained an existence beyond good and evil is verbalise to be supramoral, and this is the one who has fortified his internal power. It is in comparison to this person that Nietzsche is driven to classify lesser men. Such men are those who might be seen as stuck in the routines of life. They are bound by a herding instinct that is inherited rather than created.This transmitted instinct comes into the possession of not one besides a plethora of individuals whose behaviors begin to demonstrate that they can no longer accurately be called individuals. They possess no mastery over themselves that allows them to create their own being with its own virtues and morals to dictate or inform their actions. Instead, their actions and motives are carbon copies of a billion others who have, like themselves, passively accepted the norms of their society.Nietzsches idea of self-mastery an d individualism is again made visible in his declaration that societies have caused passions to be laid to rest, whereas individuals who have distinguished themselves by developing internal power have contributed to the progress of the human race. He expresses this idea in the passage,Nowadays there is a profoundly false moral doctrine that is celebrated especially in England this holds that judgements of good and evil sum up experiences of what is expedient and inexpedient. One holds that what is called good preserves the species, while what is called evil harms the species. In truth, however, the evil instincts are expedient, species-preserving, and indispensable to as high a degree as the good ones their function is merely different (The Gay Science, 74).Even evil persons, Nietzsche explains, have done more good for humanity than society itself with all its consent and low-tiered hierarchical power. He argues that even powerful (though evil) individuals have given others someth ing worthwhile they have provided the means of canvass and contrasting between extremes in ways that perform dialectically to take knowledge and morals to higher heights. These persons who have instinctively created their own morals through a systematic mastery of themselves give more power to humanity than those who conform and expend no energy in the pursuit of more powerful selves. The empowered individuals have done this through adding to the build of knowledge (of good and evil) and creating new avenues and alternatives for self-mastering persons.Nietzsches regard for what he considered the power of the self-mastering individual eclipsed that of what he viewed as the general power struggle that often ensued from power relations. The self-made individual demonstrates an industry through which he is able to create his own morals and devise the instinct that will lead him toward those morals. Such a man Nietzsche considers to have transcended good and evil by entering into a mo rality created at archetypical through consciousness, but later sublimely through the subconscious. This man, in Nietzsches opinion, has truly achieved power of a type that goes beyond the mere control of others, as it has attained the much more difficult aspiration of self-control.Works CitedNietzsche, Friedrich. Beyond Good and Evil. 1886. trans. R.J. Hollingdale. New York Penguin, 1973.Daybreak Thoughts on the Prejudices of Morality. (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 2003.The Gay Science with a serve in Rhymes and an Appendix of Songs. New York vintage/Random House, 1974.The Will to Power. 1888. trans. Walter Kaufman and R.J. Hollingdale. New York Vintage Books, 1967.Zupancic, Alenka. The Shortest Shadow Nietzsches Philosophy of the Two (Short Circuits). Cambridge MIT, 2003Nietzsche on PowerThe rise of science placed a strain on religions ability to retain its credence. Science had demonstrated an unprecedented ability to explain conce pts that were once mysteries. This ability began to efface the dominion and power of the Christian God, and this led to the existentialist idea that man lives alone in the world and must rely only on himself. According to Nietzsche, this occurrence places power squarely in the hands of man, and the possession of this power leaves him with the ability to exert it over himself as well as others. One of the main ideas behind Nietzsches works is that the human individual constantly intends and strives toward wielding this power over others.Even actions that appear altruistic are really sparked by a rooted desire to control the person for whom the act is performed. Nietzsche advocates the fundamental egoism of all persons, declaring the focus of all human conceptions to be centered on the desire of that particular individual to dominate in a given situation. Even the evolutionary aspects of mans position within the environment manifests the individuals need to wield power growth from you th to adulthood involves an increase of power and a decrease in subordination the desire for upward social mobility represents this as well. According to Nietzsche, the need for power is an instinctive drive that is the end for which all pleasure-seeking actions strive. Yet Nietzsche also identified a need that humans have to control themselvesand this he conceived as the desire for internal power. Here is where Nietzsches truest interest in power lay. These themes can be demonstrated in his use of aphorisms and elaborations of these throughout his works Daybreak, the Gay Science, Beyond Good and Evil, and the Will to Power.The Judeo-Christian antagonism (indeed the antagonism of all religions) represents one example on earth of the power relations (struggle) of which Nietzsche writes. In Daybreak, he writes the ship of Christianity threw overboard a good deal of its Jewish ballast (40). Ironically, the idea represented in the aphorism God is dead describes the modern scientific sup planting of the Judeo-Christian view that God is ultimately responsible for the molding of the individual (Zupancic, 6). The scientific explanations of the universethe Copernican revolution which challenged and toppled the geocentric viewweakened the idea that the anthropomorphic God was any longer (or ever was) in charge of the destiny of the universe.Essentially one of Nietzsches power relations, this struggle left each individual entity on the earth dependent on its own actions to take it through time. This has become one of the catalytic ideas that gave birth to the notion of internal power that drives man. This power has been expressed by Nietzsche in the form of self mastery, which develops in a complicated cycle, both as a result of and in accordance with the instinct. Though this important instinct arises out of the inward self-creation of the man, Nietzsche also acknowledges another type of instinct that drives men toward a different kind of power domination.In the work The Will to Power Nietzsche points out the symbolism that can be found in the how states and societies have been constituted. The drive for power, he writes, undergirds the hierarchical nature of the organizations within each state. Societal classes demonstrate ways in which people have succeeded in gaining power over others. This again identifies another concrete example of power relations within the human world. The members of higher classes (which have acquired wealth) dominate in a situation where the other members of society look to them for their wages. Money represents buying power, without which people cannot live. By this reasoning, individuals who acquire their wages from these powerful members of the upper class look toward these moguls for their very sustenance. This is the manifestation of the power that, according to Nietzsche, all men instinctively seek.Yet even in this example where people appear to seek mastery over others, one can detect an example of the desire for i nternal power. Persons who must do the bidding of the rich in order to gain hold of the buying power that facilitates their continued existencethese persons recognize that others exert power over them. Their desire for upward mobility represents a desire to have that control returned to them, and this appears to be possible only simultaneously with having the power to control others. This can thus be seen as a dual drive toward dominance and independence.In Nietzsches opinion it is this self-mastery that represents the truest power. The picture of the ascetic monk who denies himself physical and aesthetic pleasures for the purpose of subduing his desires and mastering himself demonstrates more power than the warriors who plunder other tribes and nations. On a deeper level, Nietzsche describes the inner workings of the human mind as a conflict of several wills that compete for power within the individual.He writes the following Suppose nothing else were given as real except our world of desires and passions, and we could not get down, or up, to any other reality besides the reality of our drivesfor thinking is merely a relation of these drives to each other (Beyond, 36). Peoples wills (or desires) often conflict with each other, and thoughts, Nietzsche explains, are the vehicles of the desires it is via thought that desires identify themselves, and the mind is their battlefield. The ability to master oneself is essentially the ability of one thought to rise up and become the dominant will, mastering all the others.Nietzsche expresses this idea also in his book Beyond Good and Evil, the title of which is essentially a description of the heights attained by those who have achieved the highest level of self mastery. He writes that such a person becomes the man Beyond Good and Evil, the master of his virtues, the superabundant of will (Beyond, 212). His will to create himself overflows, and he finds his own way toward morality and virtue through his own journey of self discovery.This journey involves a complex interplay of consciousness, subconsciousness, and instinct. Instinct comes about through a process in which consciousness of the outside world gathers knowledge that is taken in and absorbed into the mind in a kind of internalization process. The depth at which these internalized principles rest within the individual causes them to rank higher than the prevailing principles of the day. And the fact that the individual creates them him/herself places him or her in the powerful position of self-master.The hierarchical nature of the instincts themselves determines a way in which Nietzsche classes men according to their degree of control over themselves. The person who has attained an existence beyond good and evil is said to be supramoral, and this is the one who has fortified his internal power. It is in comparison to this person that Nietzsche is driven to classify lesser men. Such men are those who might be seen as stuck in the routines of life.They are bound by a herding instinct that is inherited rather than created. This hereditary instinct comes into the possession of not one but a plethora of individuals whose behaviors begin to demonstrate that they can no longer accurately be called individuals. They possess no mastery over themselves that allows them to create their own being with its own virtues and morals to dictate or inform their actions. Instead, their actions and motives are carbon copies of a million others who have, like themselves, passively accepted the norms of their society.Nietzsches idea of self-mastery and individualism is again made visible in his declaration that societies have caused passions to be laid to rest, whereas individuals who have distinguished themselves by developing internal power have contributed to the progress of the human race. He expresses this idea in the passage,Nowadays there is a profoundly erroneous moral doctrine that is celebrated especially in England this holds that judgements of good and evil sum up experiences of what is expedient and inexpedient. One holds that what is called good preserves the species, while what is called evil harms the species. In truth, however, the evil instincts are expedient, species-preserving, and indispensable to as high a degree as the good ones their function is merely different (The Gay Science, 74).Even evil persons, Nietzsche explains, have done more good for humanity than society itself with all its conformity and low-tiered hierarchical power. He argues that even powerful (though evil) individuals have given others something worthwhile they have provided the means of comparing and contrasting between extremes in ways that perform dialectically to take knowledge and morals to higher heights. These persons who have instinctively created their own morals through a systematic mastery of themselves give more power to humanity than those who conform and expend no energy in the pursuit of more powerful selves. The empowered individuals have done this through adding to the variety of knowledge (of good and evil) and creating new avenues and alternatives for self-mastering persons.Nietzsches regard for what he considered the power of the self-mastering individual eclipsed that of what he viewed as the general power struggle that often ensued from power relations. The self-made individual demonstrates an industry through which he is able to create his own morals and fabricate the instinct that will lead him toward those morals. Such a man Nietzsche considers to have transcended good and evil by entering into a morality created at first through consciousness, but later sublimely through the subconscious. This man, in Nietzsches opinion, has truly achieved power of a type that goes beyond the mere control of others, as it has attained the much more difficult goal of self-control.Works CitedNietzsche, Friedrich. Beyond Good and Evil. 1886. trans. R.J. Hollingdale. New York Penguin, 1973.. Day break Thoughts on the Prejudices of Morality. (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 2003.. The Gay Science with a Prelude in Rhymes and an Appendix of Songs. New York Vintage/Random House, 1974.. The Will to Power. 1888. trans. Walter Kaufman and R.J. Hollingdale. New York Vintage Books, 1967.Zupancic, Alenka. The Shortest Shadow Nietzsches Philosophy of the Two (Short Circuits). Cambridge MIT, 2003

Life development Essay

The aim of this research is to explore a married couples real life experiences and the possible influences that affect their life development. A soft thematic analysis was carried out on pre-existing material of trio semi-structured interviews and a video. Two primary(prenominal) themes were identified Various Influences and Changeable. This analysis showed support for most research d unrivalled regarding Eriksons development gifts, clutchs contribution on subsequent life, developmental contextualism and Bronfenbrenners guess.The findings suggest that life development is multi-facet. A reflexive analysis reviews some limitation on this analysis and recommendations are also made. INTRODUCTION biography development is the whizz among different psychological perspectives. Psychologists are of different views on human development. Some of them fragmentize human development into different stages, some of them focus on the peoples later development, some are optimistic but som e not, and some opined that our development are deterministic but also some do not think so.Erik Erikson has developed a theory named as Psychosocial in which he stated that there would be eight development stages from birth to later adulthood within our life. (Cooper & Roth, 2002). The theory emphasised that our development is a product of the interaction between the familiarity and man-to-man and our parents seems to play a key role in our early life. Erikson argued that everyone must develop throughout these eight stages. While treating later life as a relative stable period, Erikson neglect the room of change during the middle and grey-haired stages, to cope with this difficulty, Peck further subdivided these two stages into sub-stages.For middle age, Peck consider that we should acknowledge our loss of bodily strength while also appreciate our gaining of wisdom, the main task within these stage is to redefine ones personality and personal relationship. Besides, individual s hould shift their emotional attachment to both the vertical and plain relationship, i. e. the death of parents and friendship (Cooper & Roth, 2002). For old age, in order to cater the crisis of retirement, Peck argued that individual need to look to other meaningful activities, thus accepted by themselves that they are continually contribute to and valued by the society.Other approach on lifespan development is named as developmental contextualism. It emphasised that development of an individual cannot be seen as an isolated manner, rather, there are internal (e. g. physical fitness) and outer (e. g. cultural and social) factors that influences ones development. These factors are referred as a level of explanation by psychologists, they comprise different variables, for instances, interpersonal influence, cultural influence, historical influence and etc.These variables would interact and change each other at the selfsame(prenominal) or a different level of explanation which is k nown as dynamic interactionism. (Cooper & Roth, 2002) In air to developmental contextualism, Bronfenbrenner is of different view. He argued that individuals are capable to determine their own development rather than evidently constrained by internal and external influences. In his ecological theory of development, he suggested that individuals are actively interact with his or her environment during their development.According to the theory, it divided individual physical environment into four parts, i. e. micosystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem as well. The microsystem refers to ones immediate environment, includes social, symbolic and physical characteristics, e. g. personality, healths, values and expectations.The mesosystem describes two or much microsystems inhabit by the same person, e. g. family, work and marriage. Links that take place between two or more settings involving the individual is known as the exosystem, i. e. our community. The macrosystem illustrat es the patterns of the aforesaid systems that characterize any given culture or society structures. (Cooper & Roth, 2002) In view of the above approaches, it seems that human development are encompassed by different stages, with internal and external influences and individuals are with ability to actively change it during the process of development. The purpose of this qualitative research is to see how a couple, Tony and Jo experienced their life and what influence to their development indeed.METHOD Three semi-structured interviews were conducted of a (an aging) couple, Tony and Jo. There is no reading on the exact ages of the stakeholders, including the interviewees and the three interviewers. For teaching purposes, the process of the interviews were videotaped with the interviewees consent. The interviews touch topics of identity, separation and attachment and lifespan development. The kickoff interview was conducted by a female tec Jane who knew that couple for several years.A male researcher has conducted the second interview who knew none about that couple. The last interviewer was a female who asked them about their experiences on the firstly two interviews. The research was adopted analysing pre-existing materials. It assumed that the Open University of United Kingdom (OUUK) adhered strictly to the British psychological code of ethics such as obtaining informed written consent, addressing issues around confidentiality, protection of role players identities, permission to withdraw at any time and sufficient debriefing.(Miell, Phoenix & Thomas, 2002). I am a Chinese male, a part-time psychology student (36 years of age) of the Open University of Hong Kong, and carried out a qualitative thematic analysis on transcripts and video provided by the OUUK. (see Appendix for the full annotated transcripts and an extracted video of the three interviews is also attached) The lifespan development research topic and question were selected and supplied by the OUU K (DSE 212, Method Booklet 5, pages 60 and 61).Familiarization of material was done by reading Chapter 1 in Book 2 (Cooper & Roth, 2002). The next stage of the analysis involved my reading the transcripts several times noting significant points related to my chosen research topic. I then identified recurrent themes from the transcripts. Two main themes were identified and the data was condensed under these themes. This was achieved by photocopying the transcripts and foreground each bit of the dialogue relating to the themes in different colour pens. Only the first two interviews were use in this research.

Exemplification Model Essay: Violence on Campus Essay

craze on college campuses is gradually acquiring broad social significance. For many years, college campuses were believed to possess comfort able level of student safety and security. Violence and campus life seemed the two incompatible categories. However, as intelligence agency be overfilled with the examples of violence in colleges that range from mass stabs to incidents of rape and assault, parents and education professionals are becoming more pertain about the atmosphere, in which students are bound to spend several years of their college life.Numerous examples confirm the relevancy of campus violence issues. Addressing these issues is insurmountable without a systemic approach to defining and pr even soting violence on campus. Students must as well as understand how to prevent, to report, and to explain specific acts that hinder their freedoms or violate their basic rights on campus. Campus violence dust one of the most serious issues, which college and university stu dents have to address.Either in the form of direct physical corrupt or emotional pressures, many students report experiencing violence on campus. For example, the authors of the recent study published in The Journal of Adolescent Health surveyed 2,091 students in three universities on the offspring of campus violence. As a result, 17 percent of male students and 16 percent of female students reported having experienced some kind of violence in the six months preceding the research ( match). That campus violence remains an issue is further supported by detailed statistical research.Between 2005 and 2007 the number of reported murders on campus has grown from 4 in 2005 to 41 in 2007 2 cases of negligent manslaughter were registered in 2007 the same year, the number of forcible offenses r each(prenominal)ed 1400 almost 800 cases of robbery and 1300 alter assaults were reported to authorities (U. S. incision of Education). These figures reveal the shocking truth college students liv ing on campus are subject to a whole set of physical and emotional threats. Moreover, the majority of these threats come from inside the campus.Students are amenable for 80% of campus crime, although rarely with weapons (Siegel). Thus, neither electronic alarm systems nor better safety grounds can safe students from becoming victims of a crime. The truth is in that research regarding violence on campus is scarce. On the one hand, professionals in education and students lack a clear definition of campus violence and thus are not evermore able to report the incidence of violent assault or emotional threat to authorities.On the otherwise hand, college authorities are willing to silence the cases of violence as a matter of preserving their positive reputation. However, even the scarce information on college violence reveals several tendencies. First, campus violence often happens between students, who know each other or have already met on campus. For example, Siegel writes that fou r percent of female students stated that they had been raped, preponderantly by other students. Researchers report that 74% of sexually related crimes were committed by fellow students.Second, in case of mass assaults, these are the students on campus, who become instruments of such violent attacks for example, the case of mass shooting Steven Kazmierczak on February 14, 2008 at NIU University implies college authorities inability to trace possible violent threats and to protect students from similar assaults (Schlueter). Stone refers to her girlfriend, who became the victim of numerous fights with her boyfriend a bright example of campus violence. Third, in many cases, students simply smash to define violence. The definition of violence is hard to pinpoint, and that may be why people dont speak out (Stone).In this atmosphere, students should be given a chance to look deeper into what violence is. This is unimaginable without a profound and detailed research of what violence is an d how it can be prevented. Students on campus must be able to delineate violence threats from insignificant cases of possible quarrels and conflicts between students. Students should know statistical figures and far-reaching implications of campus violence. Conclusion Violence on campus is gradually becoming a matter of the major societal concern. Numerous examples confirm the maturation violence complexities on campus.Unfortunately, in the current state of research, universities and colleges fail to protect their students from violence threats nor are they able to develop effective prevention and violence reduction strategies. Beyond the need to give a undivided specific definition to campus violence, colleges and universities should realize that the majority of violence dangers originate from inside the campus. As such, addressing and eliminating the discussed violence issues is impossible without a detailed systemic and scientifically grounded approach. Works Cited Schlueter, K . Campus Violence Increases. 2008. Chicago Flame.02 August 2009. http//media. www. chicagoflame. com/media/storage/paper519/news/2008/02/25/News/Campus. Violence. Increases-3232501. shtml Siegel, D. What Is Behind the Growth of Violence on College Campuses? USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), May, 1994. Stone, L. some(prenominal) Sexes Suffer Campus Violence Study. 2009. The Province. 02 August 2009. http//www. theprovince. com/news/Both+sexes+suffer+campus+violence+Study/1795356/story. html U. S. Department of Education. Campus Security. 2008. U. S. Department of Education. 02 August 2009. http//www. ed. gov/admins/lead/safety/campus. htmldata

Political philosophy Essay

friendship IS FORMED AND ACQUIRED IN THE COURSE OF OUR LIFE THOUGH COGNITION AND IT IS NOT inbred AND DEVELOPS FROM OUR OWN IGNORANCE. throne LOCKE COMP atomic number 18D IT WITH TABULA RASA OR nigh SORT OF A BLANK SHEET UPON WHICH NOTHING IS WRITTEN. THESE argon data OR IMAGES OF THE OBJECT WHICH STIMULATED OUR SENSE-ORGANS-SIGHT, HEARING, TOUCH, TASTE AND SMELL ARE, IN A globeNER OF SPEAKING, RAW-MATERIALS WHICH OUR pass FORMS, THROUGH ABSTRACTION, INTO CONCEPTS OR IDEAS, AND WHICH WE EXPRESS IN SIGNS OR LANGUAGE. THERE ARE devil OBSTACLES TO COGNITION THE BIASES WHICH defile THE HUMAN header AS IDOLS AND THE ERRORS IN REASONING.WHICH ARE THE SO CALLED FALLACIES. REASONING IS A MEANS FOR acquiring association BUT IF IT IS FALLACIOUS IT throneNOT YIELD BUT DECEPTION. MOREOVER THERE ARE THREE THEORIES OF noesis NAMELY EMPIRICISM, RATIONALISM AND cognitionISM. IN EMPIRICISM, cognition COMES FROM EXPERIENCE AND EXPERIENCE IS A SENSE OF PERCEPTION WHICH may BE UNDERSTOOD AS DIRECT OBSERVATION BY THE SENSES OR INDIRECT BY victimization INSTRUMENT OR BY EXPERIMENTATION. EMPIRICISM TEACHES THAT WHAT WE SEE, HEAR, TOUCH, OR SMELL, IS ALL THAT WE lav KNOW. OUTSTANDING EXP championNTS OF EMPIRICISM WERE JOHN LOCKE, GEORGE BERKELEY.DAVID HUME AND THE SO-CALLED LINGUISTIC PHILOSOPHERS. RATIONALISM haltS THAT REASON IS THE SOURCE AND TEST OF KNOWLEDGE AND NOT SENSE-PERCEPTION. KNOWLEDGE CONSISTS OF CONCEPTS WHICH understand ABOUT THE nature OF world SO THAT IT HAS A UNIVERSAL AND PERMANENT CHARACTER. IT IS THE REASON OR THE agreement WHICH MANUFACTURES THE DATA INTO CONCEPTS, JUDGMENTS AND LAWS, AND THAT IS HOW OUR KNOWLEDGE IS FORMED. WHAT WE KNOW IS WHAT WE HAVE THOUGHT OUT, OR WHAT REASON HAS ABSTRACTED FROM THE DATA OF SENSE PERCEPTION. THE KNOWN DEFENDERS ARE PARMENIDES, PLATO OF ANCIENT GREECE, DESCARTES AND HEGEL OF THE.MODERN WORLD. THE THIRD THEORY WHICH IS INTUITIONISM CLAIMS THAT THE SENSES CAN ONLY reverberate THE APPEARANCE OF THINGS HENC E WHAT WE CALL SENSE-DATA, CANNOT TELL US WHAT THINGS ARE IN THEMSELVES. BUT THROUGH INTUITION, WE CAN HAVE A FEEL OF WHAT LIES BEYOND THE PHENOMENA CAPTURED BY OUR SENSES AND TRANSFORMED BY REASON INTO CONCEPTUAL SYMBOLS. INTUITION INTUERE.(TO LOOK INTO) IS A DIRECT APPREHENSION OF KNOWLEDGE WHICH IS NOT THE RESULT OF CONSCIOUS REASONING OR IMMEDIATE PERCEPTION.ADD THE FACTS THAT THERE ARE TWO METHODS OF INTELLECTUAL INQUIRY, FIRST IS THEINTUITION THAT GRASPS THE ESSENTIAL NATURE OF REALITY AND TIME AND THE SECOND IS ANALYSIS WHICH IS THE ST energy AND PREDICT tycoon, BUT OFFERS ONLY A PHOTOGRAPH OR A SNAPSHOT OF WHAT IS ESSENTIALLY A energizing, ACTIVE WORLD THE ONLY delegacy TO BRIDGE THE blank BETWEEN THE OBJECT KNOWN AND THE KNOWER, WE MUST USE INTELLECTUAL SYMPATHY THAT EXPERIENCES BEING AS A consentient, AS A DYNAMIC CONTINUUM.LASTLY, THERE ARE DIFFERENT NOTIONS OF TRUTH NAMELY THE accord THEORY, COHERENCE THEORY, PRAGMATIC THEORY AND THE MARXIST THEORY. gentility THE W ORD training COMES FROM THE LATIN VERB EDUCERE (TO LEAD) OR FROMEDUCARE (DRAW OUT). didactics IS THE ART OF LEADING OR GUIDING A someone TO tender CULTURE SO THAT BY EXPOSING HIM TO ITS COMPLEXITIES AND HE MAY ACTUALIZE HIS Introduction to Philosophy POTENTIALITIES. both PERSON, REGARDLESS OF RACE, GENDER OR distinguish HAS A DORMANT motive WHICH IF DRAWN OUT OR DEVELOPED COULD EQUIP THE INDIVIDUAL TO acquire A VARIETY OF ROLES IN SOCIETY. command AND TRAINING IS OF DIFFERENT content. EDUCATION HAS TO DO WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WHOLE PERSONALITY WHILE TRAINING DEALS WITH THE GAINING AND ACHIEVING OF SKILLS. THERE ARE AIMS OF EDUCATION FIRST IS TO PREPARETHE YOUNG FOR CITIZENSHIP-THE discerning MEANS OF PROVIDING THE arouse IN ALONG RUN WITH FUTURE LEADERS AND FOLLOWERS WHO WOULD PUT occupy OF THE STATE AND NATION ABOVE SELF.SECOND AIM IS TO DEVELOP THE INDIVIDUAL AS A MAN- ENABLE THE INDIVIDUAL TO REALIZE HIS POTENTIAL POWERS AS A HUMAN BEING SO HE COULD BE FREE IN O UTLINING HIS OWN DESTINY. THIRD, IT SHOULD AIM TO PRESERVE THE PREVAILING SOCIAL ashes BY carriage OF TRANSMITTING THE IDEAS, THE BELIEFS, THE encourageS AND THE PRACTICES OF SOCIETY.FOURTH, IT AIMS TO CONTRIBUTE TO SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION AND IT MUST FOSTERA modern CONSCIOUSNESS THAT IS SUPPORTIVE OF THE PEOPLES DREAM AND STRUGGLE FOR A MORE middling, HUMAINE AND DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY. FIFTH, IT SHOULD PREPARE US FOR complete(a) LIFE IN A PARADISE TO COME AND LASTLY IT SHOULD AIM TO COMPREHENSIVELY PREPARE US TO BE A actionER OR TO BE A CITIZEN AND TO BE A PERSON.EDUCATION HAS AN ideological CHARACTER. TO LITTLE, INDEED, DOES THE schooldays GOING TO PUBLIC SUSPECT THAT EDUCATION AS A SOCIAL INSTITUTION CAN BE MANIPULATED BY VESTED GROUPS FOR THEIR OWN policy-making INTERESTS. TO SOME PEOPLE WHOSE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FORTUNES ARE fix THAT EDUCATION IS USED TOPROMOTE SOCIAL CONFORMITY AND AGREEMENT.TO OTHERS WHO HAVE NOTHING BUT THEIR STATE OF departure AND UNCERTAINTIES, E DUCATION CAN EMPOWER THEM TO STRUGGLE FOR SOCIAL CHARGE. government activity political science IS A STRATEGY TO conserve ORDER AND COOPERATION AMONG PEOPLE OR INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERING NEEDS AND IDEALS IN LIFE, OR FOR REVOLVING CONFLICT WITHIN THE GROUP WHETHER THIS BE A FAMILY, A TRIBE, A VILLAGE OR A NATION-STATE. IT MAY BE UNDERSTOOD AS A CONTROL OVER THE part SO THAT DIFFERENCES ARE RESOLVED AND PREVENTED. THERE ARE TWO MAIN APPROACHES TO governance NAMELY POLITICAL ism AND POLITICAL comprehension.POLITICAL philosophy HAS A big AND NORMATIVE CHARACTER BECAUSE IT DEALS WITH THE QUESTION OF WHAT IS POLITICS OUGHT TO BE OR WHAT IT SHOULD BE WHILE POLITICAL SCIENCE IS EMPIRICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE IN NATURE BECAUSE ITS MAIN CONCERN IS THE ANALYSIS AND DEFINITION OF THE STATE AND ITS INSTRUMENTALITIES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THEIR FUNCTIONS. POLITICS IS THE SCIENCE AND ART OF GOVERNING SOCIETY IN THE PURSUIT OF COMMON sizable THEN ITS CONCRETIZATION IS THE establishment WHOSE AIM IS THE PEOPLE AND THE SECURITY AND WELFARE OF THE PEOPLE. FORTHETHREEGREATPHILOSOPHERSNAMELYCONFUCIUS,PLATOANDNICCOLOMACHIAVELLI TO BE GOOD RESPONSIBLE POLITICAL LEADERS OF STATE THERE ARE VERY ESSENTIAL QUALITIES TO BE CONSIDERED. FOR CONFUCIUS, POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IS NOT FOR THE COMFORT AND usance OF THE RULERS, NOR ARE THEY SIMPLY FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF LAW AND ORDER, BUT FOR THE HAPPINESS AND ENLIGHTENMENT OF THE PEOPLE. HE similarly PRESCRIBED THAT THOSE WHO ASPIRE TO LEAD THE PEOPLE MUST receive THE VIRTUES OF HUMAN-HEARTEDNESS, RRIGHTEOUSNESS, PPROPRIETY AND Introduction to Philosophy WISDOM.FOR PLATO, A PERSONS LIFE IS ORDERLY OR upright WHEN HIS REASON CONTROLS THE EMOTION AND TEMPERS THE APPETITES.THE THREE KINDS OF PEOPLE SHOULD POSSESS THREE ELEMENTS IN MAN. A RULER SHOULD EMBRACE REASON, THE SOLDIERS OR WARRIORS SHOULD DEAL WITH THEIR EMOTION AND THE ARTISANS OR run-of-the-mill PEOPLE SHOULD CONTROL THEIR APPETITES. ALL CITIZENS MUST UNDERGO RIGID PHYSICAL, INTELL ECTUAL AND MORAL TRAINING. PLATOS PHILOSOPHY ON EDUCATION WAS ONE OF SO CALLED SELECTION & ELIMINATION. NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI WROTE A BOOK ENTITLED, THE PRINCE POLITICS, AS AN EXERCISE OF POWER, SHOULD BE DIVORCED FROM MORALITY AND RELIGION.POLITICS HAS NO MORALITY IT IS A NAKED POWER OF EXPEDIENCY. OR HIM AN EFFECTIVE LEADER IS BOTHA FOX AND A LION, BOTH A MAN AND A BEAST AND BOTH GREAT PRETENDER OR GREAT DISSEMBLER. B. Analysis (Critique) KNOWLEDGE THESEARCHFORKNOWLEDGEISANEVER-ENDINGADVENTURE LIKEWEVESEENIN MOVIES AND PLAYS. THE WHOLE OF REALITY IS TOO VAST THAT WE CAN KNOW ONLY TOO LITTLE OF IT IN OUR SHORT LIFE-TIMEHENCE, IT WOULD BE THE HEIGHT OF INNOCENCE TO NARROW OUR PRESENT KNOWLEDGE, UNLESS WE CHOOSE TO CLOSE OUR MIND TO OTHER POSSIBILITIES. OUR KNOWLEDGE IS A PRODUCT OF ALL OUR ABILITIES, SENSATION, REASON AND INTUITION. AND O AGREE WITH THE SAYING THAT KNOWLEDGE IS POWER, A POWER TO RECREATE THEWORLD, A POWER TO CONSTRUCT A BETTER SOCIETY WHERE ALL MEN AND WOMEN COULD bl end WITH DIGNITY, FREEDOM AND PEACE. I DO BELIEVE THAT THERE ARE ALWAYS MORE TO KNOW SINCE IT IS DYNAMIC AND TOO ENORMOUS. WE SHOULD ALWAYS HAVE THE GUTS, THE PASSION AND THE LOVE TO LEARN AND TO CONTINUE SEARCHING AND BUILDING ON THE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE.NO DOUBT, KNOWLEDGE ADDS COLOR AND RELATIVE CHARACTER TO put one over OUR LIFE WORTH invigoration AND SPENDING. OUR KNOWLEDGE SHOULD NOT BE touched NOR DISTORTED BY OUR OWN COGNITION. WE SHOULD KEEP IN MIND TO ALWAYS USE REASONING SINCE IT IS ACQUIRINGKNOWLEDGE NOT barely BASING IT TO WHAT WE PERCEIVE. YES, WE CAN CONSTRUCT KNOWLEDGE BY OUR SENSES TO all SITUATION WERE EXPERIENCING YET WE SHOULD ALWAYS BE RATIONAL. KNOW THE REASON TO EVERY DETAIL NOT TO JUSTIFY THINGS BUT RATHER TO BE REASONABLE IN JUDGING AND bound TO CONCLUSIONS. KNOWLEDGE IS A STUFF OF REALITYIT IS A WAY OF TRUTH AND NOT A WAY OF SEEMING OR GIVING OPINION. ALSO THE ONLY THING WE SHOULD NOT DOUBT IS THAT WE ALWAYS IN PARTICULAR SITUATION DOUBT. DONT BE AFRAID T O DOUBT OR TO QUESTION THINGS BECAUSE IT IS A WAY OF ACQUIRING AND GAINING ALL WE NEED TO KNOW.ON THE OTHER ease up WE COULD heretofore OBTAIN KNOWLEDGE THAT IT IS NOT THE SENSES, NOR REASON CAN PROVIDE ADEQUATE UNDERSTANDING OF REALITY BUT THE SO CALLED INTUITION. KNOWLEDGE IS AN INTERCONNECTED CHAIN WHEREIN THERE IS AN AGREEMENT WITH ONE SET OF KNOWLEDGE WITH ANOTHER SET OF IT.IT IS A CYCLE WITH NO BEGINNING AND ENDING. THE MORE WE BECOME CURIOUS THE MORE WE QUESTION AND THE MORE WE try out FOR THE ANSWER. WE ALWAYS HAVE THE PRIVILEGED TO OPEN OUR CLOSE UNDERSTANDING OF THE WORLD AND WE ARE FREE TO explore ITS LIMITATION AND BOUNDARY.WE ALWAYS HAVE THE KEY TO KNOW THE SECRETS OF THE REAL MEANING ANDIntroduction to Philosophy VALUE OF LIFE. WE SHOULD NOT wear out TRAVELLING THE BEAUTIFUL AND COLOURFUL JOURNEY OF OUR EXISTENCE AND DONT STOP TO STRIVE AND TO GAIN THE PERFECT AND UNDYING KNOWLEDGE. EDUCATION SINCE WE ARE SEARCHING FOR KNOWLEDGE, HAVING AN EDUCATION IS OF GREAT HE LP.IT IS A VITAL INSTRUMENT TO EXPLORE OUR LIMITATION AND TO GO BEYOND THE HORIZON. HAVING AN EDUCATION IS LIKE SEEING A RAINBOW AFTER A RAIN SHOWER IT ADDS COLOR AND MEANING AFTER THE SUDDEN DARKNESS. WE SHOULD NOT JUST BE TRAINED, WE MUST BE EDUCATED. BEING EDUCATION FOR ME IS OPENING THE surviveDOWS OF OUR MIND AND SOUL.WE SHOULD PUT EFFORT TO UNDERSTAND, TO COMPREHEND, AND TO BE SENSITIVE TO IDEAS, ASPIRATIONS AND INTEREST TO WHICH WE MIGHT OTHERWISE BE INDIFFERENT TO EACH OTHER. WE SHOULD NOT JUST BE CONTENTED JUST TO BE TRAINED BECAUSE IT SIMPLY MEANS WE JUST WANT TO IMPROVE OUR ABILITY TO DO SOMETHING WITHOUT DEEPENED UNDERSTANDING, WIDENED SYMPATHY OR HEIGHTENED ASPIRATIONS FOR IT.THERE SHOULD BE A COMMON AGREEMENT ON WHAT IS EDUCATION SHOULD AIM AND DEFINE THE PURPOSE OF EDUCATION WITH NO BIAS AND FAIR CHANCES TO PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT SOCIAL POSITIONS AND SHOULD NOT BE IN HARMONY WITH THEIR FUNDAMENTAL INTERESTS.IT WOULD BE AN ILLUSION TO EXPECT THE PREVAILING EDUCATION TO B E TRULY TRANSFORMATIVE AND LIBERATING BECAUSE OF directlyS INEQUALITY ESPECIALLY IN SOCIAL STATUS ASPECTS thereof THERE IS A NEED TO RE-INVENT EDUCATION SO THAT IT WILL FOSTER A NEW awareness AND PERSPECTIVE THAT IS SUPPORTIVE AND REFLECTIVE TO OUR ASPIRATIONS AND STRUGGLE FOR SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION.POLITICS EDUCATION HERE IN THE PHILIPPINES IS AFFECTED BY MANY FACTORS SUCH AS THE KIND OF POLITICS WE HAVE. I DO BELIEVE THAT POLITICS SHOULD FUNCTION AND AIMS TO GO AFTER THE WELFARE OF THE PEOPLE AND NOTHING ELSE BUT THE SECURITY AND NEEDS OFPEOPLE. POLITICS IS BOTH A FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY. IT IS POWER YET WHEN USED IN A WRONG WAY OR BECOME A PURSUIT AND CHASE OF PERSONAL INTERESTS COULD BE ABUSED. POLITICS IS NOT JUST A SYSTEM ITSELF BUT A SYSTEM OF IDEAS WITH MISSION AND FUNCTIONS.IN SPITE OF THE CURRENT SITUATION IN OUR rude WE COULD inactive PURSUE A FAIR, JUST, HONEST AND RESPONSIBLE POLITICAL SYSTEM. WE COULD STILL MAKE A CHANGE. ASIDE FROM BEING A GOOD AND RELIABLE FOL LOWER WE COULD CHOOSE AND ELECT GOOD AND RIGHT POLITICAL LEADERS ESPECIALLY WITH OUR DEMOCRATIC TYPE OF SYSTEM.WENEED TO BE RESPONSIBLE lavish TO DESIGNATE THE FIT AND APPROPRIATE RULER WITH THEIR BEST QUALITY AND CHARACTER. WE SHOULD CAREFULLY ANALYSE AND EVALUATE A POLITICAL RULER WHO HAS THE INTEREST IN SERVING THE PEOPLE WITH SINCERITY AND SHOULD NOT JUST MAINTAIN HIMSELF OR HERSELF IN POWER.C. Contextualization KNOWLEDGE Introduction to Philosophy FILIPINO IS A KNOWLEDGE SEEKER AND SO EXPLORATIVE WHEN IT COMES TO NOURISH AND DEVELOP THEIR LEARNING AND ABILITIES. WE HAVE SO MANY PROUD KABABAYAN WHO ARE SO PASSIONATE AND DETERMINE IN ACQUIRING SUCH KNOWLEDGE THEY ARE LOOKING FOR.SOME OF US EVEN TRY TO GO TO OTHER COUNTRY FOR THEIR SEARCH FOR KNOWLEDGE. WE ARE NOT CONTENTED WITH JUST HAVING A KNOWLEDGE THAT IS already IN FRONT OF US. WE USUALLY shrink OUT OF THE BOX AND GO BEYOND THE HORIZON. AND BECAUSE OF THIS PERSEVERANCE, MANY FILIPINOS FROM DIFFERENT FIELD BECOME SUCCESSFUL AND FAMOUS. MANY JOBS AND OPPORTUNITIES BECOME OPEN TO FILIPINOS BECAUSE OF THEIR ABILITY AND PASSION TO LEARN. EDUCATION PUBERTY BECOMES A BARRIER TO ATTAIN THE GOAL OF HAVING A BETTER EDUCATION.NOWADAYS, AS YOU LOOK WITH THE STATUS OF OUR COUNTRY, PHILIPPINES I MUST SAY THATWE OUR STRUGGLING ESPECIALLY THE UNFORTUNATE INDIVIDUAL TO GET SUCH APPROPRIATE AND GOOD QUALITY OF EDUCATION. IN OUR COUNTRY LIVING STATUS AFFECTS A push-down stack IN MAINTAINING A GOOD QUALITY OF EDUCATION. THERE ARE SO MANY FAMILIES WHO BATTLE FOR backing THE OTHER EXPENSES OF THEIR CHILD LIKE PROJECT AND DAILY TRANSPORTATION AND FOOD ALLOWANCE. FOR AN UNDERPRIVILEGED FAMILY WITH INCOME THAT IS NOT enough WITH THEIR DAILY CONSUMPTION, HAVING A BUDGET FOR EDUCATION COULD BE A LEAST PRIORITY.MANY OF THE YOUTH TODAY EVEN THEY WANT TO CONTINUE THEIR COLLEGE JUST COULD NOT BECAUSE THEY HAVE NO CHOICE BUT TO WORK TO SUPPORTAND PROVIDE FINANCIALLY FOR THEIR FAMILY. ALSO IT IS COMMON, IN SOME FAR BARRIOS MANY F ILIPINO CHILDREN to begin with THEY COULD REACH THE NEAREST SCHOOL FROM THEIR HOUSE THEY NEED TO STRUGGLE AND WALK ON RIVERS AND EVEN SOME SLOPPY MOUNTAIN BEFORE THEY CAN GET THERE. IN SPITE THEIR DEDICATION TO BE EDUCATED, SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND GOOD LEARNING FACILITIES AND MATERIALS IS NOT ENOUGH TP ACCOMMODATES LARGE POPULATION IN OUR COUNTRY.ALSO depravity IS ONE OF THE MAJOR REASONS WHY NUMBER OF FILIPINO IS UNABLE TO AVAIL THEIR RIGHTS TO BE EDUCATED. INSTEAD OF FINANCING THE EDUCATION SECTOR, THE MONEY OF FILIPINOS GOESTO THE POCKET OF THOSE WHO ARE GREED AND SELFISH OFFICIALS. NO DOUBT, PHILIPPINES IS A RICH COUNTRY WITH ITS handsome NATURAL RESOURCES YET OUR MONEY COULD NOT EVEN FINANCIALLY PROVIDE AND GIVE STABLE whole kit and caboodle AND OPPORTUNITIES TO THOSE WHO NEED JOBS.POLITICS IT BEEN AN ORDINARY SCENARIO DURING ELECTION THAT THERE ARE SO MANY UNNECESSARY ACTIONS TOOK key LIKE VOTE BUYING, BALLOT RESULT CHEATING, KILLING OF POLITICAL RIVALRY, AND THE LIKES JUST FOR THOSE SELF-CENTRED ASPIRANT OFFICIALS TO WIN THE SAID ELECTION. AND EVEN AFTER THE ELECTION, DURING THEIR SERVING YEARS SOMANY VOID PRACTICE IS BEEN HAPPENING. CORRUPTION IS ONE OF THE MAJOR PROBLEMS HERE IN THE PHILIPPINES.MANY ELECTED POLITICAL OFFICIALS ABUSE THE POWER stipulation TO THEM FOR THEIR OWN INTERESTS. TODAYS ISSUE IS WHAT THEY CALLED PORK BARREL SCANDAL WHEREIN THE BUDGET ALLOTTED AND given over TO POLITICAL OFFICIAL FOR THEIR PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS THAT SHOULD AND MUST HELP FILIPINO GOES TO POCKET OF JUST SOME PEOPLE. FINGER POINTING AND HAND WASHING THAT THEY DONT USE ANY OF THE PUBLIC MONEY FOR THEIR OWN WELFARE IS STILL ON INVESTIGATION AND NOT YET ANSWERED.Introduction to PhilosophyINSTITUTIONALIZING IS ALSO HAPPENING IN OUR COUNTRY AND THE MOST AFFECTED ARE THE PUBLIC ESPECIALLY THE POOR. IT IS ALSO COMMON IN OUR POLITICAL SYSTEM HAVING A FAMILY DYNASTY WHEREIN THE POWER IN MANY PLACES IS JUST IN THE HAND OF ONE FAMILY. EVEN WE ALREADY HAVE AUTOMATED KIND O F ELECTION SYSTEM, WE STILL STRUGGLE TO HAVE THE FAIR AND JUST POLITICAL SYSTEM WE ARE LOOKING AND HOPING TO ACHIEVE.LASTLY, WE FILIPINOS STILL ELECTING WRONG PUBLIC SERVANT. WE ARE STILL BLIND WITH THEIR LOOKS, WHETHER THEY ARE CELEBRITIES OR IF EVEN THEY TEND TO FINISH THEIR EDUCATION AND WITH THEIR FLOWERING PROMISES AND WORDS.WE NEVER REALLY PRACTICE A CRITICAL JUDGEMENT TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT AND THE GOOD STATE RULER. D. Evaluation 1. SUBJECT THE SUBJECT PHILOSOPHY REALLY HELPED ME TO BE OPEN-MINDED AND CRITICALLY INCLINED WITH EVERYTHING AROUND ME. WE HAVE SO MANY THINGS WE STILL NEED TO KNOW AND ACQUIRE YET PHILOSOPHY SERVES AS AN ASSISTING TOOL TO REALLY KNOW THE MEANING OF OUR OWN EXISTENCE AND THE REAL MEANING OF OUR LIFE AND ITS PURPOSE.MY CLOSED WORLD BECOMES EXPOSED WITH WHAT IS REALLY HAPPENING. 2. professor SIR RODERICK CENTENO IS A VERY KNOWLEDGEABLE, RESPECTED AND FULL OF SENSE KIND OF PROFESSOR IN PHILOSOPHY.WE REALLY ENJOYED auditory modality TO HIS LECTURES ABOUT PHILOSOPHY. IT SO REFRESHING THAT WHILE LEARNING WEVE ABLE TO HAVE FUN AND ENJOY EVERY LEARNING AND DISCUSSION. THE REPORTING IS A GOOD WAY FOR US STUDENT TO EXPRESS OUR PERSPECTIVES AND OPINIONS ON THINGS. IT HELPS TO ascending OUR INTEREST AND AWARENESS ON THE THINGS THAT BEFORE WE REALLY DONT HAVE CARE AND IS no(prenominal) OF OUR BUSINESS.THE REFLECTION WRITING ACTIVITIES IS A USEFUL FOR US TO HAVE SECOND THOUGHTS TO EVERY ISSUE AND DECISIONS. AND I OBSERVED THAT SIR GIVES IMPORTANCE IN MANAGING HIS AND OUR TIME. Introduction to Philosophy.