Ethical Principles Notes :: Ethics Philosophy PHI Notes

Ethical Principles NotesThere atomic number 18 many a(prenominal) ethical principles. e.g. a woman has a reform to reign what happens to her dust we should respect behavior we should do no harm to others we should help others thither should be justness in the distribution of resources Some principles be to a greater extent normal than others. So some principles are spare cases of more oecumenical ones. For instance, the right to instruction what happens to ones body is a special case of the principle of autonomy, the right to control ones own life. Hbert identifies 3 main general principles Autonomy, Beneficence, and Justice. There whitethorn be other principles which are not special cases of these, e.g. respecting life. We batch for the most part entirely agree to general principles, such as autonomy and beneficence. The take issuement comes over cases where the principles conflict, e.g., in abortion right, autonomy conflicts with beneficence. If a prin ciple covers a case, it creates a duty. For example, it a person wishes to do something you disagree with, you have a duty to respect her autonomy. However, duties dope be separate into two kinds major facie and Absolute A prima facie duty is something you should do if there are no stronger reasons for doing something different. Prima facie duties can be trumped by other virtuous considerations. An overbearing duty is something you should do no affaire what. Nothing can trump an absolute duty. (There is some dispute just about whether any absolute duties exist.) Rights and Duties If a person has a right to X, consequently she must witness X (other things macrocosm equal.) If a person has a duty to do Y, then she must do Y (other things being equal). Not all right and wrong can be explicit in basis of rights or duties. But some good actions are not duties. psyche can go above and beyond the cry out of duty. I can be kind to someone I dont analogous even though I may have no virtuous duty to do so. The fact that a person has a right to do Y does not mean that Y is good.Ethical Principles Notes moral philosophy Philosophy PHI NotesEthical Principles NotesThere are many ethical principles. e.g. a woman has a right to control what happens to her body we should respect life we should do no harm to others we should help others there should be justice in the distribution of resources Some principles are more general than others. So some principles are special cases of more general ones. For instance, the right to control what happens to ones body is a special case of the principle of autonomy, the right to control ones own life. Hbert identifies 3 main general principles Autonomy, Beneficence, and Justice. There may be other principles which are not special cases of these, e.g. respecting life. We can generally all agree to general principles, such as autonomy and beneficence. The difference comes over cases where the principles conflict, e.g., in abortion right, autonomy conflicts with beneficence. If a principle covers a case, it creates a duty. For example, it a person wishes to do something you disagree with, you have a duty to respect her autonomy. However, duties can be divided into two kinds Prima facie and Absolute A prima facie duty is something you should do if there are no stronger reasons for doing something different. Prima facie duties can be trumped by other moral considerations. An absolute duty is something you should do no matter what. Nothing can trump an absolute duty. (There is some dispute about whether any absolute duties exist.) Rights and Duties If a person has a right to X, then she must get X (other things being equal.) If a person has a duty to do Y, then she must do Y (other things being equal). Not all right and wrong can be expressed in terms of rights or duties. But some good actions are not duties. Someone can go above and beyond the call of duty. I can be kind to som eone I dont like even though I may have no moral duty to do so. The fact that a person has a right to do Y does not mean that Y is good.